How does it work?

What is Obesity?

• Obesity is a growing problem in most developed countries and is responsible for a significant degree of morbidity and mortality in the Western world.
• The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) recommends the use of body mass index (BMI) to assess overweight and obese individuals. It advises the measurement of waist circumference to supplement this in individuals with a BMI under 35 kg/m2. 
• The BMI
• In adults, the diagnosis of obesity is most commonly made using BMI levels. BMI is calculated as weight in kilograms (kg) divided by height in metres squared (m2). Ideal BMI is 18.5 to 24.9 kg/m2. The following classification is advised by NICE:
• A BMI of 25-29.9 kg/m2is overweight.
• A BMI of 30-34.9 kg/m2is obese (Grade I).
• A BMI of 35-39.9 kg/m2is obese (Grade II).
• A BMI of ≥40 kg/m2is obese (Grade III) or morbidly obese, meaning that weight is a real and imminent threat to health.
• Link to BMI Calculator: https://www.nhs.uk/Tools/Pages/Healthyweightcalculator.aspx
• Waist circumference
• Waist circumference in men:
• <94 cm is defined as low risk.
• 94 to 102 cm is defined as high risk.
• >102 cm is defined as very high risk.
• Waist circumference in women:
• <80 cm is defined as low risk.
• 80 to 88 cm is defined as high risk.
• >88 cm is defined as high risk.

• From 2018 figures, 26% of men and 29% of women are obese . This had increased from 24% and 25% respectively since 2014. A further 41% of men and 30% of women were overweight . This means most adults in England are overweight or obese.[3]This increasing trend was seen globally but was more marked in England than in many other countries. The UK currently has the highest prevalence in Europe.[4]Using BMI and waist circumference to assess risk of health problems, 40% of adults were at high or very high risk of chronic disease. Women were more likely than men to be in the high or very high risk categories (46% and 35% respectively).[3]
• Several factors have now been shown to predict the development of obesity in individuals, such as a family history of obesity, lifestyle, diet and socio-economic factors.

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